Digital Library

- This page is under construction - Digital Library: Downloadable and Online Publications:

Population genetic keys to speciation - Hans-Rolf Gregorius. Göttingen Research Notes in Forest Genetics 13, 1-19, 1992. Reproduced 2002 for internet distribution.

Characterization and Analysis of Mating Systems- Hans-Rolf Gregorius. Ekopan Verlag, Witzenhausen, 1998. Reproduced 2001 for internet distribution. 163+iv pages.

The system analytical approach to the study of hypotheses - Hans-Rolf Gregorius, 1998.

Confidence regions for hypotheses on system characteristics - Hans-Rolf Gregorius. Göttingen Research Notes in Forest Genetics 21: 1-14, 1996. Reproduced 2003 for internet distribution.

Which DNA Marker for Which Purpose?Final Compendium of the Research Project Development, optimisation and validation of molecular tools for assessment of biodiversity in forest trees. European Union DGXII Biotechnology FW IV Research Programme Molecular Tools for Diversity - Elizabeth M. Gillet (ed.), 1999.

Genetische Untersuchungen zu den Voraussetzungen und Konsequenzen einer rezedenten Lebensweise am Beispiel der Vogelkirsche (Prunus avium L.) [Genetic analysis of the prerequisites and consequences of a recedent life form. A case study on wild cherry (Prunus avium L.)] - A.M. Höltken, Dissertation, 2005.

Development of microsatellites in sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) and their application in population genetics [Die Entwicklung von Mikrosatelliten bei Bergahorn (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) und deren Anwendung in der Populationsgenetik] - M. Pandey, Dissertation, 2005.

Aspekte nachhaltiger Züchtung: Methodenkritik, -entwicklung und -anwendung [Aspects of sustainable breeding: review, development and application of methods] - J.R.G. Kleinschmit, Dissertation, 2004.

Asexuelle und sexuelle Reproduktion bei der Vogelkirsche (Prunus avium L.) [Asexual and sexual reproduction in populations of wild cherry (Prunus aviumL.)] - Dierk Kownatzki, Dissertation, 2002.

Reproduktion einer entomophilen Baumart in geringer Populationsdichte - Das Beispiel der Winterlinde (Tilia cordata Mill.) [Reproduction of an entomophilous tree species in low density - Small-leaved linden (Tilia cordata Mill.) as an example -] - Martin Fromm. Dissertation, 2001.

Reproduktionssystem des Feldahorns (Acer campestre L.): Blühphänologie und genetische Untersuchungen [Reproductive system of field maple (Acer campestre L.)] - Kathrin Bendixen. Dissertation, 2001.

Familienstrukturen in Buchenbeständen (Fagus sylvatica) [Family structures in beech stands (Fagus sylvatica)] - Aikaterini Doúnavi. Dissertation, 2000.

Konsequenzen wald- und forstgeschichtlicher Entwicklungen für die aktuelle genetische Zusammensetzung von Waldbaumpopulationen in Mitteleuropa [Consequences of quaternary and forest historical developments on the current genetic composition of forest tree populations in Central Europe] - Frank Norman Schoppa. Dissertation, 2000.

Zertifizierung genetischer Eigenschaften forstlichen Saat- und Pflanzengutes auf der Basis etablierter Methoden der Populationsgenetik [Certification of genetic properties of forest reproductive material based on established methods of population genetics] - Henning von Werder. Dissertation, 2000.

Based on the notions of Mendelian population and biological species, the commonly proposed pathways of speciation are discussed with respect to the roles played by reproductive isolation as well as pre- and postzygotic incompatibility. It is emphasized that evolutionarily meaningful analyses of speciation processes require consideration of the conditions for establishment of the various mechanisms of isolation and incompatibility, which, in turn, necessitates specification of appropriate modes of inheritance of these mechanisms. Properties desirable for genetic models of speciation are derived and compared with existing models. A general result on the joint evolution of underdominance in fitness and positive assortative mating is used to evaluate the significance of hybrid disadvantage and prezygotic incompatibility on speciation. The conclusions from this evaluation are compared with observations published in an analytical review of studies on incompatibilities among Drosophila species and with the results of a genetic analysis in two lacewing species presented as evidence for sympatric speciation.

• Preliminary remarks
• 1. Formal description of mating systems
• 1.1 Mating references (potential mating partners)
• 1.2 Mating preferences
• 1.3 Mating success
• 1.4 Conditional random mating
• 1.5 Mating equivalence
• 1.6 Application to an experimental data set
• 2. Classification of mating systems
• 2.1 Random mating in cosexual populations
• 2.2 Random mating in dioecious populations
• 2.3 Sexual selection
• 2.4 Classification of mating systems by product structures
• 2.5 Assortative mating
• 2.6 Random preferential mating
• 3. Models of random mating
• 3.1 Cosexuality: Effects of random mating in the haplophase on the mating frequencies in the diplophase
• 3.2 Dioecy: The effect of random mating in the diplophase on the mating frequencies in the haplophase
• 3.3 Gynodioecy and androdioecy
• 3.4 Trioecy
• 4. Evolution of systems of sexuality
• 4.1 Gynodioecy
• 4.2 Trioecy
• 5. Self-mating or self-fertilization
• 5.1 Functional sex and self-mating proportions
• 5.2 Self-mating and random cross-mating
• 5.3 A model based on female self-mating proportions
• 6. Genetic aspects of self-mating
• 6.1 Dynamics of genotypic frequencies
• 6.2 Complete self-mating
• 6.3 Absence of differential proportions of self-mating
• 7. Models of assortative mating
• 7.1 Asynchrony of sexual maturity; Positive and negative assortative mating
• 7.2 Synchrony of sexual maturity; Positive assortative mating (homotypic predisposition); Negative assortative mating (heterotypic predisposition)
• 8. Selection with two alleles and two types
• 8.1 Complete dominance of an allele
• 8.2 Mating equivalence of the homozygotes
• 9. Heterophasic mating (gametophytic incompatibility); General representation
• 9.1 Differential pollen tube growth; A model
• 9.2 Evolution of differential pollen tube growth; Negative assortative mating; Two alleles
• References
• Subject index

1. Introduction
2. General procedure for an analysis of causal mechanisms: Testing models; Critical regions of observations
3. Estimation of target characteristics and determination of confidence regions
4. Statistical aspects of system analysis - incomplete observations: Testing models without free parameter values; Testing models with free parameter values; Confidence regions and estimation; Measures of discrepancy
5. Model dependence of analysis: Design of model

The principle of hypothesis falsification forms the epistemological basis of systems analysis. It is realized by specification of a method of investigation suitable for testing a set of hypotheses on system characteristics. From this perspective, the principle has a special position in statistics, in that its observance calls for controlling the chances of erroneous falsification for each of the considered hypotheses. Falsification by improbability thus replaces strict falsification. Regions of rejection of hypotheses are then solely determined by the levels of significance set to the probability of not obtaining a result more probable than the observed under the respective hypothesis. Being a function of hypothesis and observation, this probability is termed the confidence zeta in a hypothesis supported by an observation, and it establishes the relation to the theory of exact testing. Taking advantage of the analogy to hypothesis testing, "exact" confidence regions can then be determined as the set of hypotheses that is supported by the observation with confidence zeta above a given level alpha of significance. The problem of hypothesis (including parameter) estimation is introduced as a problem of selecting hypotheses from confidence regions, and the roles of maximizing likelihood and confidence for obtaining and testing estimates is discussed. Maximization of confidence over subsets of hypotheses is also shown to yield unconditional tests of composite hypotheses. Application to the determination of "exact" confidence regions for the frequency parameter of the binomial distribution yielded results that are in many cases closely approximated by the direct method of Clopper and Pearson but also show distinct and unfamiliar features.

• Software for inheritance analysis:CoTrix, HAPLOGEN, DIPLOGEN, AFLP® Image Analysis Software
• Software for modelling of genetic processes: Eco-Gene, METAPOP
• Software for assessing genetic variation:GSED
• Software tools: GeneKonv