26.10.22. Start-up meeting
02.11.22. Olga Kellert (Göttingen):
Linguistic Variation on a Micro Scale.
abstract
In this talk, I will present and discuss the results from my recent study on linguistic variation
inside the city of Buenos Aires (Kellert & Matlis 2022). As will be shown measuring linguistic
variation on these scales is challenging due to the lack of highly-spatially-resolved data as
well as to the daily movement or users’ “mobility” inside cities, which can obscure the
relation between the social context and linguistic variation. I will demonstrate how
combining geolocation with user IDs and textual analysis of tweets can yield information
about the linguistic profiles of the users, the social context associated with specific locations
and their connection to linguistic variation.
Kellert Olga & Nicholas Matlis 2022 ‘Social context and user profiles of linguistic variation
on a micro scale.’ Proceedings of the Ninth Workshop on NLP for Similar Languages,
Varieties and Dialects, pages 14–19, October 16, 2022. ©2022 Association for Computational
Linguistics, https://aclanthology.org/2022.vardial-1.2.pdf
09.11.22. Marcin Wągiel (Brno):
Multiplicatives and event-external/internal quantification in English, Mandarin Chinese
and Polish
(joint event with
Kolloquium [SlavLing]GÖ)
A sentence such as (1) is ambiguous between an event-external interpretation (quantification over so-called ‘occasions’) and an event-internal interpretation (quantification over so-called ‘acts’ within a single occasion) (e.g., Cusic 1981, Andrews 1983, Cinque 1999). In (2), the sentence-final twice unambiguously quantifies event-externally, whereas three times unambiguously counts individual knocks within each knocking series. Interestingly, Mandarin Chinese and Polish mark the distinction between occasions and acts formally via distinct verbal classifiers (e.g., Donazzan 2013, Zhang 2017) and dedicated multiplicatives, respectively. Still, the relationship between the two postulated categories remains unclear since both seem to fall into the ontological class of eventualities. In this paper, I argue that the event-external/internal distinction receives a straightforward explanation once mereo-topological notions are extended to the domain of events. Mereotopology assumes parthood (the mereological component) as well as connectedness (the topological component) (Casati & Varzi 1999) and allows for distinguishing between units and structured configurations thereof. Building on the mereotopological theory of time by Mazzola (2019), I propose that event-internal interpretations concern quantification over simplex singular eventualities within a single cluster, whereas event-external readings concern counting different clusters (see also Landman 2004, Henderson 2017).
(1) Kim knocked on the door three times.
(2) Kim knocked on the door three times twice.
16.11.22. Witold Tokarski (Göttingen):
The Vocalic Systems of Greek Dialects in the Late Archaic Period - an Optimality-Theoretic Analysis
abstract
In this talk I will present my ongoing study, the aim of which is to present the vocalic systems of Ancient Greek dialects of ca. 6th century BCE using Optimality Theory (and its variants when necessary) as framework. Here I will present the results of my work on the originating from Common Greek long /a/, /æ/ and /ɛ/ in Attic, East Ionic and Laconic Doric Greek and their likely underlying representations. Firstly I will present the distribution of these phonemes in the dialects in question; secondly, the constraints necessary for the correct evaluation of the given inputs, and their hierarchies in these dialects, and finally the evaluation itself. In the end I will discuss the future plans and hopes for this project.
23.11.22. Mikhail Ordin (Coimbra):
Typology of language, cultures and societies in decision-making
abstract
During this talk, I will not present the results and definitive conclusions from a study that has already been completed. Instead, I will use the opportunity to present a selection of running projects. I will present to you ideas at different stages of development, all focussed on understanding how our decisions are influenced by the typological properties of the language we talk, by the society we live in, by cultural values we ascribe to, and how these factors interact with each other affecting personal experience and judgements at the individual level, and also the way of reasoning in different populations at the group level.
Talking also on behalf of my collaborator, I will try those of you who are thinking about research career at the PhD level or junior postdoc levels get in touch and discuss joining us on these projects, supported by international foundations (e.g., European Research Council), national foundations (the Alexander von Humboldt Stiftung, the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, the Spanish Ministry for Science and Innovations), and by industrial partners (mostly by pharmaceutical and biomedical companies).
30.11.22. Stefanie Dipper (University of Bochum):
Analyzing Metaphor: Manual Annotation and Automatic Identification
abstract
In this talk, I will present ongoing joint work on analyzing metaphor in
religious language. Metaphor, defined as a "mapping across two conceptual
domains" is an ubiquitous phenomenon in language. It fulfills a special
role in religious language in that it enables us to express ideas about an
abstract entity by referring to a well-known concrete entity and, in this
way, to make statements about the transcendent.
In the talk, I first present our work on annotating deliberate metaphors
following the Five Step Method proposed by Steen (2007) and discuss the
analysis of selected complex cases. Second, I report on a pilot study in
which we are applying Shutova et al's (2013) approach to German-language
religious texts and present first results from this study.
07.12.22. Francesco Periti (University of Milan):
Computational Humanities and Linguistics: Detection of linguistic changes
abstract
The recent advances in technology, data science, and artificial intelligence pushed a computational turn in the humanities and linguistics, where the role of NLP is fundamental to support the processing, the interpretation and the analysis of textual data. More and more studies are devoted to exploit NLP techniques for linguistic studies traditionally addressed by human-intensive processes of "close-reading". For example, the use of word embeddings proved to be an effective mean in the field of semantic change or Semantic Shift Detection. Goal of Semantic Shift Detection is to detect, interpret, and assess changes of word meanings over time. The aim of this talk is to present the hypotheses and implications of recent word embedding techniques and to show an example of their application.
14.12.22. Götz Keydana (Göttingen):
Wackernagel enclitics in all the wrong places
abstract
In his discussion of enclitic pronouns Berthold Delbrück states that “[d]ie Enclitica wird
[sic!] von dem am stärksten betonten Worte, und das ist das erste im Satze, wie von einem
Magnet angezogen” (1878: 48, cf. Delbrück 1888: 33). For the majority of Vedic particles he
comes to a similar conclusion. Thus, on ha he notes: “[d]emnach darf man sagen, dass ha
eine das erste Wort hervorhebende Partikel sei…” (1888: 501). In current studies on Vedic
and Indo-European syntax there is general agreement that these pronouns and particles
are second position or Wackernagel clitics (see among many others Hale 1987; Hock 1996;
Krisch 1990; Lowe 2011). However, while Delbrück’s observations undoubtedly hold true
for Vedic prose, the picture in the Rigveda is actually much more diverse. Wackernagel
clitics may even surface in sentence- and verse-final position:
(1) imám yajñám nayata devátā naḥ
Lead this sacrifice of ours to the gods!
(2) uruṣyátaṃ jaritā́raṃ yuváṃ ha
Protect the singer, the two of you! (RV 4.58.10)
(RV 4.43.7)
Placement in second position outweighs other positions in the sentence by far, but deviations from the expected pattern as in exx. (1) and (2) are far too numerous and far too
systematic to be dismissed offhand.
It cannot be excluded that the difference between the pattern observed by Delbrück for
Vedic prose and the one attested in the Rigveda is the result of diachronic developments.
However, it is more likely that the striking variation attested in the Rigveda is connected to
its genre. But while poetic license may be considered a necessary cause for the observed
patterns, it is by no means sufficient: As Jakobson pointed out in several influential papers
(e.g. Jakobson & Bogatyrev 1929), poetic speech is confined by grammatical constraints,
even if the poets stretch acceptability to its limits. The attested aberrant patterns should
therefore be considered grammatical. As a consequence, they must be accounted for by
any model designed to capture second position phenomena in Vedic (for a previous attempt see Hale 1995).
The first part of this talk is based on a corpus study of the 1.pl pronoun naḥ in the
Rigveda. The clitic naḥ is attested 2408× (Lubotsky 1997). While the majority of cases
is actually 2P, most of the deviant cases follow clear patterns: (1) There is a strong tendency to place the clitic adjacent to its head, even if it is hosted by another constituent.
(2) In many attestations the clitic is still in second position, albeit within a domain smaller
than the sentence. Most frequently, this domain is what can be described as the verbal
complex. In this respect, Early Vedic patterns with languages like Old Lithuanian (Petit
2010; Razanovaitė 2014) and Gothic (Miller 2019). In the second part of the talk an attempt is made at extending the model for the placement of 2P clitics in Vedic developed in
Keydana (2011) so as to capture the complexity of patterns actually observed in the corpus.
21.12.22. MA students event (Göttingen):
Purva Basarkar
Effects of Marathi-Hindi bilingualism on neuropsychological performance
Iuliia Baturo
Homophones in Chinese Internet discourse
Hendrik Pigola
SAY-complementizers and Complement Finiteness
11.01.23, no event
NELS 53 in Göttingen (January 12-14, 2023)
18.01.23. no event (Göttingen):
no meeting of the General Linguistics colloque
26.01.23. Kai von Fintel (MIT) at LinG
Unasked questions
01.02.23. MA students event (Göttingen):
Rev Kurupita Assaji Thissa Thero
Etymological Sandhi in Pali language
Florian Fischer
Double Plurals
08.02.23. Stavros Skopeteas (Göttingen):
Clitics in YM